Many of the article databases that NOVA subscribes to, such as Academic Search Complete and Proquest, will provide full citations. These citations should be carefully checked for accuracy.
You can ask a librarian for help, or consult the following websites:
Your paper will contain two types of citations:
1. References/Works Cited - this is a list of full citations at the end of your paper. Each reference includes complete information on each source, such as author, title, and publication date.
Create the References/Works Cited list first - you will then base your in-text citation on the full reference.
2. In-text citations/parenthetical references - these are brief versions from your References/Works Cited list. You place in-text citations in the body of your paper to let your reader know which of your sources (listed in full at the end of your paper) a particular piece of information came from. Use in-text citations both when you quote AND when you paraphrase.
Example (in APA style)
Excerpt from student paper (includes parenthetical reference at end of second sentence; that parenthetical reference was created based on the full reference further below):
Of the roughly 35,000 new cases of human papillomavirus (HPV)-associated cancers diagnosed in 2009 in the United States, 61% were among women and 39% among men. African-Americans and Hispanics are affected far more than individuals of European descent, although other factors such as age, socioeconomic status, and geographic region affect susceptibility to HPV (Vidal et al., 2014).
Full reference from Reference List at end of student paper (create this reference first; you will base the in-text reference on this full reference):
Vidal, A. C., Smith, J. S., Valea, F., Bentley, R., Gradison, M., Yarnall,
K. S., ... & Hoyo, C. (2014). HPV genotypes and cervical
intraepithelial neoplasia in a multiethnic cohort in the southeastern
USA. Cancer Causes & Control, 25(8), 1055-1062.
doi: 10.1007/s10552-014-0406-2
Why to Cite:
When to Cite:
You should cite a source if you reproduce, quote, paraphrase, or summarize ideas and/or media created by other individuals. When in doubt, cite!
Plagiarism Has Consequences
Plagiarism may not seem like a big deal, but there can be some severe and/or long lasting effects:
Here is a sample template in APA style to use in the reference section at the end of your paper:
Author LastName, First Initial. (2006). Chapter title. In J. Tavolacci (Ed.),
Animal and plant anatomy (pp. xx-xx). New York: Marshall Cavendish.