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ART 150: History of Film and Animation (Cesa-Loudoun)

Guide by Eliza Selander. Direct comments to eselander@nvcc.edu.

Why and When to Cite

Why to Cite:

  • Give credit to the authors of the sources you used.
  • Provide evidence you did research -- good, credible sources give your work more authority.
  • Allows your reader to locate the sources you used.
  • Avoid plagiarism.

When to Cite:

You should cite a source if you reproducequoteparaphrase, or summarize ideas and/or media created by other individuals. When in doubt, cite!

Videos: Citing Sources in MLA

Citing Images

The standard MLA format for images is:

Author(s). “Title of Image/Graph.” Title of Website in Italics, Website Publisher (if different than title), Date of Publication/Posting, URL.


However, many images do not have authors or titles attached to them. When citing an image that has no author, begin with the title of the image:

"Roberto Rossellini with Joan Caulfield and Frank Capra." January 27, 1949, AP Newsroomhttps://newsroom.ap.org/home/search?query=4901281123&mediaType=photo.


IMPORTANT NOTE: If an image that has no title, begin with a short description of the photo, using sentence case and no quotation marks, such as: Roberto Rossellini, Joan Caulfield, and Frank Capra talking.