Listed below you will find some basic information for the APA citation style. For more detailed information, including formatting your paper using APA 7, see the NOVA APA 7 Style Guide.
You can also find detailed APA 7 information at the Purdue OWL APA Resource Center and the Excelsior OWL Resource Center.
View the video below for detailed information on how to incorporate your research into your paper.
The reference list includes full citations all sources used in your paper.
Hauter, W. (2012). Foodopoly: The battle over the future of food and farming America. New York: New Press.
Pollan, M. (2001). The botany of desire. New York: Random House.
SOURCES | CITATION | IN-TEXT |
---|---|---|
GENERAL FORMAT: Journal articles |
Author, A. A., & Author, B. B. (Year of journal publication). Title of article. Title of Journal, Vol#(Issue #, if given), pages xxx-xxx. Digital Object Identifier* (DOI) (format is https://doi.org/xx.xxxx.xx...), if available |
(Last Name, Year) (Last Name & Last Name, Year)
3 or more authors (Last Name, et al., Year) |
One author with DOI* - from database or in print |
Lecky, F. (2019). Should plasma GFAP guide the management of patients with traumatic brain injury and a negative CT scan? Lancet Neurology, 18(10), 98-99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1474-4422(19)30327-8 |
(Lecky, 2019) (Lecky, 2019, p. 99) |
Two to twenty authors** with DOI* - from database or in print | Burgette, J. M., Safdari-Sadaloo, S. M., & Van Nostrand, E. (2020). Child dental neglect laws: Specifications and repercussions for dentists in 51 jurisdictions. The Journal of the American Dental Association, 151(2), 98-107. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.adaj.2019.09.010 |
(Burgette, et al., 2020) (Burgette, et al., 2020, Table 1) |
No DOI* - from database or in print | Pursley Dooling, J., Hidalgo, S., & Woebkenberg, J. (2020). How inclusive is your data?: Collection and workflow considerations for sexual orientation and gender identity data. Journal of AHIMA, 91(1), 22-25. | (Pursley Dooling, et al., 2020, p. 24) |
Journal article with an article number or eLocator |
Hunter, R. F., de la Haye, K., Murray, J. M., Badham, J., Valente T. W., Clarke, M. & Kee, F. (2019) Social network interventions for health behaviours and outcomes: A systematic review and meta-analysis. PLOS Medicine, 16(9), Article e1002890. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1002890 When there is an Article number or eLocator, do not list page numbers in the reference. You can use the page numbers for in-text citations. |
(Hunter, et al., 2019) Location when there are page numbers. (Hunter, et al., 2019, p. 22)
No page numbers: (Hunter, et al., 2019, Types of Interventions section, para. 1) |
*DOI: Digital Object Identifier - a unique alphanumeric combination, providing a persistent link to online items – e.g., https://doi.org/10.1037/15969-000
** For 21 or more authors, list the 1st through 19th authors in the reference, followed by an ellipsis (…), then the last author.
SOURCES | CITATION | IN-TEXT |
---|---|---|
GENERAL FORMAT: Periodical (magazines, newspapers and news sites) |
Author, A. A., & Author, B. B. (Year, Month Date). Title of Article. Title of Publication. Digital Object Identifier* (DOI) or URL [no period at end] |
(Last Name, Year) (Last Name & Last Name, Year) |
Magazine article – No Author, no DOI, available from academic database or print | Staying happy, healthy & hydrated. (2018, September). Consumer Reports, 83(9), 34. |
(Staying healthy, 2019)
|
Magazine online – One Author, no DOI | Jhpiego. (2019, April 5). He who hesitates: All-male African clinic fights HIV a new way. Johns Hopkins Nursing. https://magazine.nursing.jhu.edu/2019/04/he-who-hesitates-all-male-african-clinic-fights-hiv-a-new-way/ |
(Jhpiego, 2019) (Jhpiego, 2019, para. 6) |
Magazine – 2-20 Authors, no DOI, academic database or print | Kluger, J., Aciman, A, & Steinmetz, K. (2013, July 8). The happiness of pursuit. TIME Magazine, 182(2), 24-28. | (Kluger et al., 2013, p. 25) |
Newspaper online, One Author, no DOI | Kornberg, M. (2020, February 28). The death toll of the opioid epidemic is higher than originally thought, researchers say. The Washington Post. https://www.washingtonpost.com/health/2020/02/28/opioid-deaths/ |
(Kornberg, 2020) (Kornberg, 2020, para. 15) |
Article on News Website, One Author | Rogers, K. (2020, March 4). Smartphones may make your headache worse, study finds. CNN. https://www.cnn.com/2020/03/04/health/smartphone-headache-wellness/index.html |
(Rogers, 2020) Rogers, 2020, Searching for a Cause section, para. 2) |
Entire Book
Mabe, D. (2005). BlackBerry hacks. Retrieved from http://proquest.safaribooksonline.com
Walder, D. (2011). Postcolonial nostalgias: Writing, representation and memory. Retrieved from http://web.ebscohost.com
Chapter in Edited Book
Diallo, D. (2010). From electro-rap to g-funk: A social history of rap music in Los Angeles and Compton, California. In M. Hess (Ed.), Hip hop in America: A regional guide (pp.225-255). Retrieved from http://web.ebscohost.com
Chapter in a Book (no editor, with doi)
Westaby, J. (2012). Dynamic network theory: How social networks influence goal pursuit. In Cognition and mental health in social networks (pp.171-201). doi:10.1037/13490-005