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APA Citation Style Resources
The NOVA library catalog and many of the article databases provide citations. These citations should be carefully checked for accuracy. You can also ask a librarian for help, or consult the websites and information listed below:
Quick Reference Guide
Two Types of Citations in APA
In-Text or Parenthetical Citations
In-text citations tell your professor which source you used at a specific point in the paper.
These citations also correspond to the full citation found in the Reference List at the end of your paper.
These citations also correspond to the full citation found in the Reference List at the end of your paper.
Here are four examples of in-text citations:
- Name the author(s) and provide a direct quotation:
- Pollan (2001) explains that "the apple, like the settlers themselves, had to forsake its former domestic life and return to the wild before it could be reborn as an American" (p. 13).
- Provide a direct quotation without naming the author(s) directly:
- "In effect, the apple like the settlers themselves, had to forsake its former domestic life and return to the wild before it could be reborn as an American" (Pollan, 2001, p. 13).
- Name the author(s) and paraphrase:
- Michael Pollan (2001) compares the apple to the settler, because both required an experience in the wild in order to fully express the American experience (p.13).
- Paraphrase without naming the author(s) directly:
- One writer compares the apple to the settler, because both required an experience in the wild in order to fully express the American experience (Pollan, 2001, p.13).
Reference List Citations
The reference list includes full citations all sources used in your paper.
Hauter, W. (2012). Foodopoly: The battle over the future of food and farming America. New York: New Press.
Pollan, M. (2001). The botany of desire. New York: Random House.